INTERNET VOTING 'HACKED' ON 'THE VOICE'
'Weapons-Grade Climate Denial' from WSJ
Jon Stewart Explains the GOP Benghazi 'Scandal' For You
'White Boys' Bring Election Woes to Riverbank, CA
Dancing Everywhere on Earth
Singing Bowie in Outer Space
KPFK 'BradCast': SC's Unverifiable Election, Syria's Unverified WMD
Unverifiable Sanford 'LANDSLIDE' in South Carolina!
Report: Syrian Rebels, Not Regime, Used Sarin Nerve Gas
Wrong and Wronger on CO Election Bill
By Brad Friedman on 12/25/2010, 12:01am PT
Someday. How about today?
With love and best wishes to you and yours...
From All of Us Here at The BRAD BLOG...
Share this article with the world...
|
|
|
||||||||
IN OUR 10TH YEAR, OUR 10,000TH ARTICLE!
Can you support truly independent media and help us raise just $2 for each?
Latest Featured Reports | Friday, May 24, 2013
Glenn Greenwald Responds to 'Lying' Charge by BRAD BLOG Commenter
Constitutional attorney turned Guardian columnist responds to a reader who supports Obama's DoJ crackdown on Fox reporter...
'Green News Report' 5/23/13
|
w/ Brad & Desi
|
|
House GOP votes again to expedite KXL; New Energy Sec: climate change 'not debatable'; OK tornado 2nd costliest ever; New fracking rules; PLUS: CA teen's amazing invention...
Fox 'News' and Repubs Were FOR Prosecuting Journalists Before They Were Against It
Of course, that was before Obama caught one of their own in his War on Journalism...
Video Trailer of Film Koch Brothers & PBS Tried to Keep You From Seeing
If the Kochs were so pissed about it, it must be worth watching...
'Green News Report' 5/21/13
|
w/ Brad & Desi
|
|
SPECIAL REPORT: Devastation as another record tornado hits Moore, OK - The city wakes up to the day after, questions about resilience and the influence of climate change...
Climate Scientist on Climate Change Effect on Tornadoes
Dr. Kevin Trenberth explains. PLUS: Hypocrisy of OK Sens. Inhofe and Coburn supporting federal disaster aid for their state, after voting against it following Superstorm Sandy...
Bad News at ABC, NBC, CBS
Top-tier broadcast network newsmen each report the Obama 'scandal' stories blatantly wrong and then fail to correct the record...
Terminator: Schwarzenegger's Deadly Workers' Comp 'Reform'
Attorney Ernest Canning describes how the former Governor's "reform" resulted in a client's tragic death after a modest on-the-job injury...
IRS 'Scandal' Almost as Phony as Sherrod, ACORN 'Scandals'
The closer one looks, the less 'scandal' one actually finds in the IRS 'Tea Party' mess, yet Obama (and the media) appear to have taken the bait yet again...
WHAT IRS 'MISCONDUCT'?
What the Treasury Department IG's report on IRS 'Tea-Party' groups tax-exempt scrutiny doesn't say, if one actually bothers to read it...
Deficit Shrinks by Half Under Obama
But, for some strange reason -- and despite running on "Deficit Apocalypse!" in 2012 -- the GOP isn't trumpeting that fact. Wonder why?...
'Green News Report' 5/16/13
Fox 'News' Tesla flip-floppery; 97% consensus, but public thinks it's 50-50; CO2 levels at 400ppm; Your 'disaster tax'; PLUS: Renewables lead to too much money...
Holder: 'Banks Are NOT too Big To Jail'
Attorney General wants to be 'very, very, very clear' that about that...before not jailing any of them in the last four years since they crashed the economy...
Repubs Suddenly Care About Big Government Overreach?!
Obama IRS and DoJ/AP scandals draw appropriate attention, even though the GOP spent years supporting the exact same behavior, and worse, by the Bush Admin...
KPFK 'BradCast': CO2 Madness, Obama Scandalpalooza
On crossing 400ppm C02 milestone w/ Brad Johnson of ForecastTheFacts.org; On Obama's tidal wave of scandals, real and fake; MORE...
More Vote-by-Mail Fail, This Time in L.A.
Absentee ballot fraud allegations in Los Angeles underscore, yet again, the dangers of Vote-by-Mail...not that Repubs or, especially, Dems seem to care...
- R.I. Governor Signs Marriage Equality Bill
-
Obama Gitmo Deception: KPFK 'BradCast'
- Former Justice O'Connor: 'Maybe' Bush v. Gore a Mistake
- John Kerry Demands Presidential Hand-Count...in Venezuela(!)
- Exclusive: L.A. Registrar Says 'No' to Internet Voting, But...
- Bi-Partisan Report Finds Bush Admin Torture After 9/11
- NC Repubs Seek 'Poll Tax' For Student Voters
|
NATIONWIDE STUDY FINDS ALMOST NO VOTER FRAUD
Just 10 cases of in-person impersonation in all 50 states since 2000...
| |
|
VIDEO: 'Rise of the Tea Bags'
Brad interviews American patriots...
|
'Democracy's Gold Standard'
Hand-marked, hand-counted ballots...
|
Brad's Upcoming Appearances
(All times listed as PACIFIC TIME unless noted)
(All times listed as PACIFIC TIME unless noted)
WEDNESDAYS, 3:00-4:00pOFF THIS WEEK DURING KPFK FUND DRIVE: The BradCast on KPFK/Pacifica (90.7FM Los Angeles, 98.7FM Santa Barbara, 93.7FM N. San Diego, 99.5FM Ridgecrest & China Lake | Podcast RSS/XML feed | KPFK Archive Page | via Stitcher Radio App | via TuneIn Radio App)- THURSDAYS, 11:00a (Repeated 2:00p): Scott Ledger, Dangerous Conversation (Streaming on RadioIO, Call-in#: 888-692-8222)
Special Coverage Archives
|
GOP Voter Registration Fraud Scandal 2012...
|
VA GOP VOTER REG FRAUDSTER OFF HOOK
Felony charges dropped against VA Republican caught trashing voter registrations before last year's election. Did GOP AG, Prosecutor conflicts of interest play role?...
Criminal GOP Voter Registration Fraud Probe Expanding in VA
State investigators widening criminal probe of man arrested destroying registration forms, said now looking at violations of law by Nathan Sproul's RNC-hired firm...
DOJ PROBE SOUGHT AFTER VA ARREST
Arrest of RNC/Sproul man caught destroying registration forms brings official calls for wider criminal probe from compromised VA AG Cuccinelli and U.S. AG Holder...
Arrest in VA: GOP Voter Reg Scandal Widens
'RNC official' charged on 13 counts, for allegely trashing voter registration forms in a dumpster, worked for Romney consultant, 'fired' GOP operative Nathan Sproul...
ALL TOGETHER: ROVE, SPROUL, KOCHS, RNC
His Super-PAC, his voter registration (fraud) firm & their 'Americans for Prosperity' are all based out of same top RNC legal office in Virginia...
LATimes: RNC's 'Fired' Sproul Working for Repubs in 'as Many as 30 States'
So much for the RNC's 'zero tolerance' policy, as discredited Republican registration fraud operative still hiring for dozens of GOP 'Get Out The Vote' campaigns...
'Fired' Sproul Group 'Cloned', Still Working for Republicans in At Least 10 States
The other companies of Romney's GOP operative Nathan Sproul, at center of Voter Registration Fraud Scandal, still at it; Congressional Dems seek answers...
FINALLY: FOX ON GOP REG FRAUD SCANDAL
The belated and begrudging coverage by Fox' Eric Shawn includes two different video reports featuring an interview with The BRAD BLOG's Brad Friedman...
COLORADO FOLLOWS FLORIDA WITH GOP CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION
Repub Sec. of State Gessler ignores expanding GOP Voter Registration Fraud Scandal, rants about evidence-free 'Dem Voter Fraud' at Tea Party event...
CRIMINAL PROBE LAUNCHED INTO GOP VOTER REGISTRATION FRAUD SCANDAL IN FL
FL Dept. of Law Enforcement confirms 'enough evidence to warrant full-blown investigation'; Election officials told fraudulent forms 'may become evidence in court'...
Brad Breaks PA Photo ID & GOP Registration Fraud Scandal News on Hartmann TV
Another visit on Thom Hartmann's Big Picture with new news on several developing Election Integrity stories...
CAUGHT ON TAPE: COORDINATED NATIONWIDE GOP VOTER REG SCAM
The GOP Voter Registration Fraud Scandal reveals insidious nationwide registration scheme to keep Obama supporters from even registering to vote...
CRIMINAL ELECTION FRAUD COMPLAINT FILED AGAINST GOP 'FRAUD' FIRM
Scandal spreads to 11 FL counties, other states; RNC, Romney try to contain damage, split from GOP operative...
RICK SCOTT GETS ROLLED IN GOP REGISTRATION FRAUD SCANDAL
Rep. Ted Deutch (D-FL) sends blistering letter to Gov. Rick Scott (R) demanding bi-partisan reg fraud probe in FL; Slams 'shocking and hypocritical' silence, lack of action...
VIDEO: Brad Breaks GOP Reg Fraud Scandal on Hartmann TV
Breaking coverage as the RNC fires their Romney-tied voter registration firm, Strategic Allied Consulting...
RNC FIRES NATIONAL VOTER REGISTRATION FIRM FOR FRAUD
After FL & NC GOP fire Romney-tied group, RNC does same; Dead people found reg'd as new voters; RNC paid firm over $3m over 2 months in 5 battleground states...
EXCLUSIVE: Intvw w/ FL Official Who First Discovered GOP Reg Fraud
After fraudulent registration forms from Romney-tied GOP firm found in Palm Beach, Election Supe says state's 'fraud'-obsessed top election official failed to return call...
GOP REGISTRATION FRAUD FOUND IN FL
State GOP fires Romney-tied registration firm after fraudulent forms found in Palm Beach; Firm hired 'at request of RNC' in FL, NC, VA, NV & CO...
|
The Secret Koch Brothers Tapes...
|
| U.S. Chamber of Commerce 'Terror Tools' Spy Plot... |
Brad on KPFK with Rep. Hank Johnson& the U.S. Chamber of Commerce Plot
Scandal update, exclusive interview with GA Congressman...
3/1/11:
House Dems Call for Probe of U.S. Chamber 'Terror Tool' Plot
PLUS: HBGary's CEO resigns; VR files D.C. Bar complaint...
| Wisconsin 2011 Supreme Court Election Debacle... |
It Isn't Journalism: Woeful MSM Coverage of Wisconsin's Supreme Court Election 'Recount'
Corporate media fails to tell story of massive irregularities, e-vote failures...
| Japan Quake/Tsunami/Nuke Emergency... |
6/4/11:
Fukushima Radiation at Highest Level Since Crisis Began
Germany announces plan to dismantle all nukes by 2022...
5/12/11:
TEPCO Admits Unit 1 Reactor 'Meltdown', Fuel Rods Exposed
Radiation believed leaking through hole in bottom of containment vessel...
3/30/11:
AUDIO: Brad on KPFK w/ Fukushima News and More...
AUDIO: Brad on KPFK w/ Fukushima News and More...
Joined by the lovely Desi Doyen of the Green News Report...
3/29/11:
'Maximum Alert': Crisis Continues, TEPCO Prez Hospitalized
PLUS: A glimpse at living conditions for the heroic plant workers...
3/29/11:
'Green News Report' - Special Coverage: Japan Fallout
'Green News Report' - Special Coverage: Japan Fallout
Fukushima's nuke disaster leads to political shift in Germany; Congressional concerns about US nuke evacuation plans...
3/27/11:
TEPCO 'Very Sorry': Radiation Spikes, Work Remains Perilous
Plant operator apologizes, again; AP reports they 'all but disregarded 3,000 years of geological history' in designing safe-guards'...
3/25/11:
'Grave And Serious': More Comparison to Chernobyl Levels
Rupture feared; Workers contaminated; New evacs 'recommended'...
PLUS: German study uses French data to corroborate findings from Austrian, U.S. scientists, suggesting Fukushima disaster should be reclassified as 'level 7' accident, on par with Chernobyl...
PLUS: German study uses French data to corroborate findings from Austrian, U.S. scientists, suggesting Fukushima disaster should be reclassified as 'level 7' accident, on par with Chernobyl...
3/25/11:
Brad on 'Randi Rhodes Show' on Disaster, US 'Fallout'
Brad on 'Randi Rhodes Show' on Disaster, US 'Fallout'
Breaking developments and speculation on the supposed 'nuclear renaissance' previously scheduled for the US...
3/24/11:
'Step at a Time & a Few More Steps': Disturbing New Science
Stabilization continues, as new data suggests 50% of radioactive cesium released by Chernobyl already released by Daiichi's reactors...
3/24/11:
'Green News Report'- Special Coverage: Japan Disaster
'Green News Report'- Special Coverage: Japan Disaster
Death toll rising; Tap water warning lifted in Tokyo, spreading elsewhere; Radiation hospitalizes workers; Support for nukes drops in US; PLUS: Struggling to maintaining tradition amidst disaster...
3/23/11:
Brad's KPFK Intvw w/ VOA's Steve Herman in Tokyo
Brad's KPFK Intvw w/ VOA's Steve Herman in Tokyo
'Neutron beams', water 'panic', black smoke and the public responses from TEPCO, the government and the people of Japan, LIVE from Tokyo...
3/23/11:
Setbacks: Black Smoke, Evacuations, Tokyo Tap Water
'Panic' reported as stores run dry of bottled water after government says iodine in metropolitan water unsafe for infants...
3/22/11:
'Razor-Thin Margins', Positive Progress at Fukushima
Control room re-opened as some power returns, workers attempt to restore cooling systems; U.S. NRC offers mixed signals...
3/22/11:
'Green News Report' - Special Coverage: Nuclear Crisis
'Green News Report' - Special Coverage: Nuclear Crisis
Fukushima on edge; Japan's wind farms to the rescue; New US nuke reviews; PLUS: Oil slick in the Gulf of Mexico...
3/20/11:
'Closer to Bringing Situation Under Control': Sun & Mon
Stabilization precarious; UPDATED: Gray smoke forces evacuation...
3/19/11:
Some Reactors 'Stabilized' as War Breaks Out Elsewhere
PLUS: Radiation detected in food, water; New Gulf oil slick discovered; War protesters arrested; Slow news week continues...
3/18/11:
'Renewed Nuclear Chain Reaction Feared': Friday Fukushima
Spent fuel rod danger; Fallout detected in S. California; Wind 'saving Japan's ass'; Coulter: Radiation 'good for you'; PM's office tweets...
3/17/11:
Brad Interviews Palast: TEPCO Plans for New Nukes in TX
Brad Interviews Palast: TEPCO Plans for New Nukes in TX
Govt fraud investigator on "bankrupt, corrupt, criminal" nuke companies...
3/17/11:
'Green News Report' - Special Coverage: Crisis in Japan
'Green News Report' - Special Coverage: Crisis in Japan
Compounding natural, humanitarian and spiraling nuclear disasters - desperate measures to hold off a nightmare...
3/17/11:
VIDEO: Close-up Aerial Footage of Crippled Plant
TEPCO offers most detailed view yet of ravaged Fukushima reactors...
3/16/11:
Desperation: Helicopters Drop Water On Hot Nuke Reactors
Def Minister: 'We could not delay further'; Four risky drops on Unit 3; Water said in Unit 4 fuel pool; Water cannon trucks next | VIDEO...
3/16/11:
Dozens of Countries, Not U.S., Tell Citizens to Leave Tokyo
UK, Germany, France more worried than us. Who ya gonna believe?...
3/15/11:
SMOKE BILLOWS FROM FUKUSHIMA'S REACTOR 3
Workers evacuated as radiation levels rose quickly; Govt's chief spokesperson says smoke believed to be radioactive steam...
3/15/11:
'Green News Report': Japan on Brink of Nuclear Disaster
'Green News Report': Japan on Brink of Nuclear Disaster
Natural, humanitarian and now man-made disaster, as 50 nuclear plant workers stand in the way of nuclear meltdown...
3/14/11:
PM: RADIATION DANGER, EVACS WIDENED, 'STAY CALM'
Explosions at Reactors 2 & 4; Fuels Rods at Unit 2 'Half Exposed';
All but 50 workers evacuated from plant...
All but 50 workers evacuated from plant...
3/13/11:
EXPLOSION AT FUKUSHIMA'S NUKE REACTOR UNIT 3
U.S. 7th Fleet repositioned after exposure to radioactive cloud
Sunday live blogging 2nd EXPLOSION at Fukushima...
Sunday live blogging 2nd EXPLOSION at Fukushima...
3/13/11:
VIDEO: From Within the Tsunami, a Town Engulfed
Watch as a town disappears in minutes...
3/12/11:
EXPLOSION ROCKS FUKUSHIMA NUKE REACTOR UNIT 1
Cooling System Fails at Unit 3 | Govt: 'Partial Meltdown' Under Way
Saturday day, night live blog following 1st EXPLOSION at Fukushima...
3/11/11:
NUCLEAR EMERGENCIES AT 5 REACTORS
Friday day, night live blog until EXPLOSION at Fukushima reactor...
3/11/11:
'Big Government Tyranny' Saved Countless Lives
Strict building codes in Japan likely impossible now here...
3/11/11:
8.9 QUAKE, TSUNAMI STRIKES JAPAN - VIDEO
Unprecedented disaster strikes, towns washed away in seconds...
| WikiLeaks / Julian Assange... |
•
Should US Pols, Pundits be Charged for 'Incitement to Murder'?
• Lawless 'Unitary Executive' Policy Home to Roost in Assange Case
• WikiLeaks Statement: Prosecute Politicians, Pundits Who 'Incite Murder'
• Do DoJ's Twitter Subpeonas Violate U.S. Constitution?
• CNN Fails Again on WikiLeaks Coverage
• NYTimes Slams Banks for Cutting Off Services to WikiLeaks
• Brad Interviews Rowley and Ellsberg on WikiLeaks, Assange, Manning
• Brilliant (& Musical) Video Responses to WikiLeaks...
• Air Force Blocks NYTimes; GOP Rep.-elect: 'Censor News Agencies'
• Exclusive: FBI Whistleblower Arrested in War/WikiLeaks Protest
• Brad Interviewed on 'David Pakman Show' re: WikiLeaks...
• CIA Vet to CNN: 'You Should Follow WikiLeaks' Example' [VIDEO]
• VIDEO: Ron Paul Defends WikiLeaks, Rips Iraq War
• WikiLeaks Revolution Twittered; Whistleblowers Support Assange
• 'ALL-OUT CYBER WAR' OVER WIKILEAKS: 'Shitstorm Begins'
• Brad Interviews Glenn Greenwald on WikiLeaks, Secrecy
• Brad interviews Pentagon Papers' Dan Ellsberg on WikiLeaks
• WikiLeaks Exposes Secret Wars, Unchecked Executive Power
• 'Colorado Independent' on Our Interview with Ellsberg
• Exclusive: Ellsberg Disagrees With Assange on Hillary Clinton
• Perspective: JFK, Ellsberg Flashbacks on 'Secrecy', 'Covert Ops'
• Lawless 'Unitary Executive' Policy Home to Roost in Assange Case
• WikiLeaks Statement: Prosecute Politicians, Pundits Who 'Incite Murder'
• Do DoJ's Twitter Subpeonas Violate U.S. Constitution?
• CNN Fails Again on WikiLeaks Coverage
• NYTimes Slams Banks for Cutting Off Services to WikiLeaks
• Brad Interviews Rowley and Ellsberg on WikiLeaks, Assange, Manning
• Brilliant (& Musical) Video Responses to WikiLeaks...
• Air Force Blocks NYTimes; GOP Rep.-elect: 'Censor News Agencies'
• Exclusive: FBI Whistleblower Arrested in War/WikiLeaks Protest
• Brad Interviewed on 'David Pakman Show' re: WikiLeaks...
• CIA Vet to CNN: 'You Should Follow WikiLeaks' Example' [VIDEO]
• VIDEO: Ron Paul Defends WikiLeaks, Rips Iraq War
• WikiLeaks Revolution Twittered; Whistleblowers Support Assange
• 'ALL-OUT CYBER WAR' OVER WIKILEAKS: 'Shitstorm Begins'
• Brad Interviews Glenn Greenwald on WikiLeaks, Secrecy
• Brad interviews Pentagon Papers' Dan Ellsberg on WikiLeaks
• WikiLeaks Exposes Secret Wars, Unchecked Executive Power
• 'Colorado Independent' on Our Interview with Ellsberg
• Exclusive: Ellsberg Disagrees With Assange on Hillary Clinton
• Perspective: JFK, Ellsberg Flashbacks on 'Secrecy', 'Covert Ops'
| More Special Coverages Pages... |
« PREVIOUS STORY "BREAKING FROM NORAD: 'Santa Down!'"
"New York Times Editorial: Bank Attacks on WikiLeaks Should Not Be 'Business-as-Usual'" NEXT STORY »
READER COMMENTS ON
"Just One Christmas Wish..."
(9 Responses so far...)
COMMENT #1 [Permalink]
...
Czaragorn
said on 12/25/2010 @ 7:28 am PT...
Backatcha, Brother (and Sister)! May the new year be merciful to us all. And, God bless us, every one!
COMMENT #2 [Permalink]
...
Shortbus
said on 12/25/2010 @ 8:41 am PT...
Heading out to BBQ a Genoa style pork loin in the snow for our dinner tonight!
Happy Holidays, Seasons Greetings and PEACE ON EARTH to Brad, Desi and all the caring people that write and frequent this wonderful amazing truth-ridden site.
Merry Christmas!
Cary
COMMENT #3 [Permalink]
...
lottakatz
said on 12/25/2010 @ 11:03 am PT...
Merry Christmas and Happy Holidays to all!
COMMENT #4 [Permalink]
...
zapkitty
said on 12/25/2010 @ 1:45 pm PT...
(... pokes nose out from bed...)
(... waves to the world... hang in there!)
(... retreats back under covers...)
COMMENT #5 [Permalink]
...
Infopro
said on 12/25/2010 @ 3:30 pm PT...
Merry Christmas, Brad. 
COMMENT #6 [Permalink]
...
WingnutSteve
said on 12/25/2010 @ 7:55 pm PT...
Merry Christmas Brad!
COMMENT #7 [Permalink]
...
adhonys
said on 12/25/2010 @ 9:37 pm PT...
Happy new year o all bradblog readers!!!
COMMENT #8 [Permalink]
...
Steve Lane
said on 12/26/2010 @ 11:23 am PT...
Merry Christmas to you Brad and family and all your helpers and readers.
COMMENT #9 [Permalink]
...
Billy
said on 12/26/2010 @ 10:25 pm PT...
Happy Holidays!
« PREVIOUS STORY "BREAKING FROM NORAD: 'Santa Down!'"
"New York Times Editorial: Bank Attacks on WikiLeaks Should Not Be 'Business-as-Usual'" NEXT STORY »
Support The BRAD BLOG
Please visit our advertisers
Please visit our advertisers
or
Support The BRAD BLOG
Please visit our advertisers
Please visit our advertisers
|
Recent Entries
Archives Important Docs
|
Categories
A Few Great Blogs
· AMERICAblog
· Baghdad Burning · Brilliant at Breakfast · BuzzFlash · Crooks and Liars · Dan Froomkin · Eschaton · firedoglake · Fired Up! Missouri · Freedom's Phoenix · Freeway Blogger · Glenn Greenwald · Huffington Post · Hullabaloo · Jesus' General · Juan Cole · Washington Monthly · Media Matters · MediaBloodhound · Nashua Advocate · Newshounds · Oliver Willis · RAW STORY · Sanoma State's Project Censored Sites: · Daily Censored · Media Freedom · Project Censored · Scholars & Rogues · Skippy the Bush Kangaroo · Talking Points Memo · Think Progress · Tom Tomorrow · Truthdig · TV Newser Political Cartoonists
· Ben Sargent
· Bill Deore · Bob Gorrell · Cagle's Index · Chan Lowe · Don Wright · Doonesbury · Doug Marlette · Glenn McCoy · Jeff Danziger · Joel Pett · Mike Luckovich · Non Sequitur · Not Banned Yet · Pat Oliphant · Paul Conrad · Ted Rall · This Modern World · Thomas Burns · Tom Toles · Tony Auth · Stuart Carlson |
journalist, blogger, broadcaster,
VelvetRevolution.us co-founder,
expert on issues of election integrity,
and a Commonweal Institute Fellow.
• Full Bio & Testimonials...
• Media Appearance Archive...
• Articles & Editorials Elsewhere...
• Contact...
• Media Appearance Archive...
• Articles & Editorials Elsewhere...
• Contact...
Brad has contributed chapters to these books...
...And is featured in these documentary films...
...And is featured in these documentary films...
Other Brad Related Places...
Useful Tools...
|
All Content & Design Copyright © Brad Friedman unless otherwise specified. All rights reserved.
Advertiser Privacy Policy
